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Manot 1
Manot 1 is a fossil specimen designated to a skullcap that represents an archaic modern human discovered in Israel. It represents extinct humans called Manot people who lived in the Manot Cave (hence the name) in Western Galilee during the early Paleolithic period. It was discovered in 2008 and the scientific description was first published in an online edition of ''Nature'' on 28 January 2015. Radiometric dating indicates that it is about 54,700 years old, which in turn shows that it is the oldest known specimen that belongs to modern human. In addition it is also a good evidence for the Out of Africa theory.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=55,000-Year-Old Skull Fossil Sheds New Light on Human Migration out of Africa )〕 It also supports the idea that modern human ancestors could have interbred with another human species, the Neanderthals, as posited by genome analyses.
==Discovery==
Manot 1 was discovered inside the Manot Cave when the cave itself was discovered in 2008. The cave is situated in Western Galilee, about 10 km north of the HaYonim Cave and 50 km northeast of Mt. Carmel Cave. It was discovered accidentally when a bulldozer cracked open its roof during construction work. Archaeologists from the Cave Research Unit of Hebrew University of Jerusalem were immediately informed and made the initial survey. They found the skullcap alongside stone tools, charcoal pieces, and other human remains. Tools found included a Levallois point, burins, bladelets, overpassed blades, and Aurignacian tools. They also found remains of "fallow deer, red deer, mountain gazelle, horse, aurochs, hyena, and bear".〔 They reported it to the Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA), which granted another brief survey of the cave. The IAA granted a full-scale excavation in 2010. The excavation was conducted by a collaboration of archaeologists from Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv University, Geological Survey of Israel, Zinman Institute of Archaeology of University of Haifa, Kimmel Center for Archaeological Sciences of Weizmann Institute of Science, and the Department of Archaeology of Boston University.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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